Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that develops from immature nerve cells found in several areas of the body. It is a rare and complex condition that can affect children of any age, but most commonly occurs in those under the age of 5.
Neurodermatitis is a chronic skin condition that starts with an itchy patch of skin. Scratching makes it itch more, and with more scratching, the skin becomes thick and leathery. The itching can be so intense that it disrupts sleep, sexual function, and quality of life.
Neuroendocrine tumors are a type of cancer that begins in specialized cells called neuroendocrine cells. These cells have traits similar to those of nerve cells and hormone-producing cells. Neuroendocrine tumors are rare and can occur anywhere in the body, but most commonly occur in the lungs, appendix, small intestine, rectum, and pancreas.
Neurofibroma is a type of benign nerve tumor that forms soft bumps on or under the skin. This condition is characterized by the growth of abnormal cells that arise from the peripheral nervous system. Neurofibroma can develop anywhere in the body, including the skin, muscles, and internal organs.
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare genetic condition that affects approximately 1 in 2,500 people worldwide. It is a complex disorder that causes changes in skin pigment and tumors on nerve tissue. The condition is characterized by the presence of multiple benign tumors on nerve tissue, which can grow anywhere in the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system (CNS). It is characterized by inflammation in the nerves of the eye and spinal cord, which can lead to vision loss, weakness, and numbness. NMO is also known as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and Devic disease.
Nickel allergy is a common cause of allergic contact dermatitis, an itchy rash that appears when the skin comes into contact with a substance that triggers an allergic reaction. Nickel is a metal that is found in many everyday items, including jewelry, cosmetics, detergents, and electronics.
Nicotine dependence is a condition in which an individual becomes physically and psychologically dependent on nicotine, a chemical found in tobacco products. Nicotine is the primary psychoactive substance in tobacco that provides a temporary sense of pleasure and relief. However, this pleasure is short-lived, and individuals often find themselves craving more nicotine to experience the same effects.
Niemann-Pick disease is a group of rare genetic disorders that affect the body's ability to break down and use fats, such as cholesterol and lipids, inside cells. The disease is characterized by the accumulation of fatty substances in the cells, leading to cellular dysfunction and death. Niemann-Pick disease can affect various organs, including the brain, nerves, liver, spleen, and bone marrow, sometimes also affecting the lungs.
Nightmares are a type of dream that is associated with negative emotions, such as anxiety or fear. They are a common occurrence in children and can happen at any age. Occasional nightmares are usually not a cause for concern, but frequent or recurring nightmares can be a sign of an underlying issue.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition where the liver becomes damaged due to excessive fat accumulation. It is not caused by excessive alcohol consumption and is often seen in people who are overweight or obese. NAFLD is becoming increasingly common, particularly in Middle Eastern and Western countries where the prevalence of obesity is high.
Nonallergic rhinitis is a chronic condition that affects the nasal passages and sinuses, causing symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, and sinus pressure. Unlike allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, nonallergic rhinitis is not caused by an allergic reaction. The symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis can be debilitating and affect daily life, making it essential to understand the causes, risk factors, and treatment options.
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the immune system, specifically the lymphatic system. It is a general category of lymphoma that encompasses various subtypes. The disease is characterized by the abnormal growth and proliferation of white blood cells called lymphocytes. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma can occur in any part of the body, including the lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow.
Nonmelanoma skin cancer is a type of skin cancer that is not melanoma. It is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for approximately 90% of all skin cancer cases. There are several types of nonmelanoma skin cancer, with the most common being basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
Noonan syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the development of various parts of the body. It is characterized by unusual facial features, short stature, heart problems, and other physical abnormalities. The condition also affects a person's developmental pace, causing delays in walking, talking, and learning new skills.