Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare condition that occurs during fetal development. It arises when the diaphragm, the muscle separating the chest from the abdomen, fails to close properly. This results in a hole in the diaphragm, allowing abdominal organs to move into the chest cavity. CDH can significantly impact lung development and overall health.
Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS), also known as celiac artery compression syndrome, is a rare vascular disorder. It occurs when the median arcuate ligament, a fibrous band of tissue in the diaphragm, compresses the celiac artery, which is the primary blood supply to the upper abdominal organs. This compression disrupts blood flow and leads to a range of symptoms.
Celiac disease, also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is a chronic immune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten. Gluten is a protein found in foods containing wheat, barley, or rye. When individuals with celiac disease consume gluten, their immune system reacts abnormally, leading to damage in the small intestine. This damage prevents proper nutrient absorption, resulting in a condition called malabsorption. If left untreated, celiac disease can cause serious complications. Although there is no definitive cure, managing symptoms involves adhering to a strict gluten-free diet.
Barrett’s esophagus is a condition in which the flat pink lining of the swallowing tube (esophagus) becomes damaged due to chronic acid reflux. This condition increases the risk of developing esophageal cancer. Let’s delve into the details of Barrett’s esophagus, including its types, causes, symptoms, prevention, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and when to seek medical attention.
Cellulitis is a common, potentially serious bacterial skin infection that affects the deeper layers of the skin. It typically presents as swollen, inflamed skin that is painful and warm to the touch. Although it usually occurs on the lower legs, it can also affect other areas such as the face and arms. If left untreated, cellulitis can spread to the lymph nodes and bloodstream, becoming life-threatening.
Auditory Processing Disorder (APD), also known as central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), is a type of hearing impairment that affects how the brain processes auditory information. Unlike traditional hearing loss caused by ear damage, APD originates from issues within the central nervous system. Let’s explore this condition in detail.
Central nervous system vascular malformations (CNSVMs) refer to a group of abnormal blood vessel formations within the brain or spinal cord. These malformations can affect blood flow and lead to various symptoms. Understanding the types, causes, and management of CNSVMs is crucial for patients and healthcare providers.
Central sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by repetitive pauses or reductions in breathing during sleep. Unlike obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which results from physical airway blockages, CSA occurs due to a lack of communication between the brain and the muscles controlling breathing. Let’s delve into the specifics.
Swimmer’s itch, also known as cercarial dermatitis, is a skin rash caused by an allergic reaction to certain parasites. These parasites, called cercariae, are found in both fresh and saltwater. When humans come into contact with infected water, the parasites may burrow into the skin, leading to the development of swimmer’s itch. Although usually not severe, it can cause discomfort and itching. Let’s delve into the details.
A brain aneurysm, also known as a cerebral aneurysm or intracranial aneurysm, is a bulge or ballooning in a blood vessel within the brain. Imagine it as a berry hanging on a stem, but instead of a fruit, it’s a weakened area of the vessel wall. These aneurysms can form and grow due to blood flow exerting pressure on the vulnerable vessel wall. If an aneurysm leaks or ruptures, it leads to bleeding in the brain, which is a hemorrhagic stroke. Most brain aneurysms are not serious, especially if they remain small and don’t rupture. However, a ruptured aneurysm is a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate medical attention.
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of movement disorders that appear in early childhood. It results from damage or abnormal development in the parts of the brain responsible for controlling movement. While the exact cause remains unknown for most cases, CP affects individuals to varying degrees, from mild to severe. Let’s delve into the details.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless plasma-like fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord within the central nervous system (CNS). It plays several vital roles, including cushioning the brain and spinal cord, providing basic immunological protection, removing metabolic waste, and facilitating the transport of neuromodulators and neurotransmitters.
An ischemic stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is blocked or reduced. This deprivation of oxygen and nutrients leads to the death of brain cells within minutes. It is the most common type of stroke, accounting for approximately 85% of cases.
Overview Earwax blockage, also known as cerumen impaction, occurs when earwax (cerumen) accumulates in the ear canal, making it difficult to wash away naturally. While earwax is a natural part of your body’s defenses, excessive buildup can lead to discomfort and hearing issues. In this comprehensive article, we delve into the various aspects of earwax blockage, from its causes and symptoms to prevention and treatment.
Cervical dystonia, also known as spasmodic torticollis, is a rare neurological disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions in the neck. These contractions cause abnormal movements and postures of the neck and head. Individuals with cervical dystonia experience repetitive twisting movements, which can be intermittent, in spasms, or constant. The severity of the condition varies, and it can be painful and disabling for some patients.