Tongue-tie, also known as ankyloglossia, is a condition that is present at birth and restricts the tongue's range of motion. It occurs when an unusually short, thick, or tight band of tissue (lingual frenulum) tethers the bottom of the tongue's tip to the floor of the mouth. This can interfere with breastfeeding, eating, and speaking.
A tonic-clonic seizure, previously known as a grand mal seizure, is a type of seizure that is characterized by a loss of consciousness and violent muscle contractions. It is the most common type of seizure that people picture when they think about seizures. During a seizure, there is a burst of electrical activity in the brain that causes changes in behavior and movements.
Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils, two oval-shaped pads of tissue located at the back of the throat. It is a common condition that affects both children and adults. The symptoms of tonsillitis include swollen tonsils, a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and tender lymph nodes on the sides of the neck.
A tooth abscess is a pocket of pus that develops as a result of a bacterial infection. It is a common dental condition that can occur at different areas near the tooth, including the tip of the root, the gums, and the surrounding tissues. A periapical tooth abscess occurs at the tip of the root and is typically caused by an untreated dental cavity, injury, or prior dental work.
A torn meniscus is a common knee injury that can occur due to a sudden twisting or rotating movement of the knee. The meniscus is a C-shaped piece of cartilage that acts as a cushion between the shinbone and thighbone, allowing for smooth movement of the knee joint. When the meniscus is torn, it can cause pain, swelling, stiffness, and limited mobility in the affected knee.
Tourette syndrome is a neurological disorder that affects approximately 1 in 160 children and adolescents worldwide. It is characterized by repetitive movements or unwanted sounds, known as tics, that can be vocal or motor. Tics can vary in frequency and severity, and can be influenced by emotional states, stress, and sensory stimuli.
Toxic hepatitis is a type of liver inflammation that occurs as a reaction to certain substances or toxins. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including alcohol, chemicals, drugs, and nutritional supplements. The symptoms of toxic hepatitis can vary in severity and may include fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, and nausea. In some cases, toxic hepatitis can lead to permanent liver damage, cirrhosis, and even liver failure.
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare and life-threatening condition that occurs when toxins produced by certain types of bacteria enter the bloodstream and cause widespread inflammation. TSS is a serious medical emergency that requires prompt treatment to prevent complications and death.
Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which is a common parasite found in many parts of the world. The infection can occur in people of all ages, but it is most serious in infants and people with weakened immune systems. Toxoplasmosis is often acquired through eating undercooked meat or coming into contact with cat feces. In pregnant women, the parasite can pass to the baby during pregnancy, potentially leading to miscarriage and birth defects.
Trachoma is a bacterial infection that affects the eyes, causing inflammation, scarring, and potentially leading to blindness. It is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis and is contagious, spreading through contact with infected people or contaminated items. Trachoma is a significant public health problem, particularly in developing countries where it is the leading cause of preventable blindness.
Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a sudden and temporary episode of confusion that affects memory and cognitive function. During this episode, a person is unable to create new memories, and their past experiences are lost. TGA is a rare condition that is not caused by a more common neurological condition, such as epilepsy or stroke.
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological symptoms, similar to those of a stroke, caused by a temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain. Also known as a ministroke, a TIA is often a warning sign of a future stroke, and it is essential to seek medical attention immediately to prevent long-term damage.
Transverse myelitis is a rare and complex neurological disorder that affects the spinal cord, causing inflammation and damage to the insulating material covering nerve cell fibers (myelin). This inflammation can interrupt the messages that the spinal cord nerves send throughout the body, leading to a range of symptoms including pain, muscle weakness, paralysis, sensory problems, and bladder and bowel dysfunction.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the brain is injured as a result of a violent blow or jolt to the head or body. The injury can also occur when an object goes through brain tissue, such as a bullet or shattered piece of skull. TBI can range from mild to severe, and its effects can be long-lasting and debilitating.
Traveler's diarrhea is a common and often unpleasant digestive tract disorder that occurs when you eat or drink contaminated food or water while traveling. It is characterized by loose stools and stomach cramps, and can be caused by a variety of factors, including poor hygiene, contaminated food and water, and bacterial infections.