Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

Overview

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a prevalent hand condition characterized by pressure on the median nerve within the carpal tunnel of the wrist. This narrow passageway, surrounded by bones and ligaments, plays a crucial role in hand function. When the median nerve becomes compressed, it leads to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and weakness in the thumb and fingers. Proper treatment can alleviate these discomforts and restore hand function.

Types of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

1. Classic CTS: The most common type, caused by pressure on the median nerve.
2. Secondary CTS: Associated with underlying conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or wrist fractures.

Causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

Pressure on the Median Nerve: Anything that compresses or irritates the median nerve within the carpal tunnel can lead to CTS.

Risk Factors of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

• Anatomic Factors: Wrist disattachment or arthritis altering the carpal tunnel space.
• Occupational Factors: Sewers, knitters, bakers, and carpenters are at higher risk.
• Nerve-Damaging Conditions: Diabetes, hypothyroidism, and inflammatory disorders.
• Gender: More common in women due to a smaller carpal tunnel.
• Tumors: Lipomas or ganglions protruding into the carpal tunnel.
• Pregnancy, Trauma, and Hereditary Factors.

Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

Preventions of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

• Reduce Force and Relax Grip: Avoid excessive pressure on the wrist.
• Take Frequent Breaks: Stretch and bend your hands periodically.
• Maintain Proper Posture: Avoid wrist bending up or down.
• Ergonomic Mouse Usage: Ensure comfort during computer work.

Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

• Patient History: Assess symptoms indicative of CTS.
• Physical Examination: Check for tenderness and swelling.
• X-ray: Rule out other causes.
• Electromyography (EMG): Measures muscle electrical discharges.

Treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

1. Self-Care Practices: Effective for mild cases.
2. Medications:
   • Ibuprofen (NSAIDs): Pain relief.
   • Cortisone (Corticosteroids): Reduce inflammation.
3. Procedures:
   • Endoscopic Surgery: Guided by a camera to cut the ligament.
   • Open Palm Surgery: Incision over the carpal tunnel.
4. Physical Therapy: Stretching exercises.
5. Dietary Considerations:
   • Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Found in fish and nuts.
   • Vitamin-Rich Foods: Cantaloupe, cauliflower.
   • Anti-Inflammatory Foods: Berries, leafy vegetables.

When to seek medical attention ?

If symptoms interfere with daily activities and sleep, seek medical attention promptly to prevent permanent nerve and muscle damage.