Overview
Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It is primarily caused by various strains of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), a common infection passed through sexual contact.
Types of Cervical Cancer
Thses are the main types of cervical cancer:
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma: This type begins in the thin, flat cells lining the bottom of the cervix and accounts for the majority of cervical cancers.
- Adenocarcinoma: This type begins in the column-shaped glandular cells that line the cervical canal
Causes of Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is most commonly caused by HPV, which the body’s immune system typically prevents from causing harm. However, in a small percentage of people, the virus survives for years, leading to some cervical cells becoming cancer cells.
Risk Factors of Cervical Cancer
Several factors may increase your risk of developing cervical cancer, including:
- HPV Exposure: Having many sexual partners or becoming sexually active early increases your risk of HPV.
- Smoking: Smoking is linked to squamous cell cervical cancer.
Symptoms of Cervical Cancer
The symptoms of cervical cancer are:Preventions of Cervical Cancer
Prevention strategies include regular screening tests and receiving a vaccine that protects against HPV infection.
Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer
Diagnosis of cervical cancer typically involves a Pap test, HPV DNA test, and a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for Cervical Cancer
Treatment options for cervical cancer depend on the stage of the cancer and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy.
When to seek medical attention ?
If you experience persistent symptoms such as pelvic pain or abnormal bleeding, it’s important to see your doctor.
