Overview
Conjoined twins, also known as Siamese twins, are a rare phenomenon where two babies are physically connected to each other. This occurs during early embryonic development when the embryo partially separates but remains attached. Let’s explore this fascinating condition in detail.
Types of Conjoined twins
- Thoracopagus: Twins joined at the chest or upper abdomen.
- Craniopagus: Twins fused at the head.
- Pygopagus: Twins connected at the lower back or pelvis.
- Ischiopagus: Twins sharing the pelvis and lower extremities.
- Omphalopagus: Twins fused at the abdomen, often sharing abdominal organs.
- Parasitic Twins: One twin is incompletely formed and dependent on the other.
Causes of Conjoined twins
The exact cause of conjoined twins remains uncertain. Factors include genetics, environmental influences, and chance during early development.
Risk Factors of Conjoined twins
Several risk factors increase the likelihood of conjoined twins:
- Maternal Age: Older mothers have a slightly higher risk.
- Family History: A history of conjoined twins in the family.
- Race and Ethnicity: Some populations have a higher incidence.
Symptoms of Conjoined twins
Symptoms vary based on the type of conjoined twins:Preventions of Conjoined twins
Preventing conjoined twins is challenging due to their early developmental origin. Prenatal screening can detect them, but prevention isn’t feasible.
Diagnosis of Conjoined twins
- Prenatal Ultrasound: Detects conjoined twins during pregnancy.
- Imaging: Further evaluation to assess organ sharing and overall health.
Treatment for Conjoined twins
Treatment options depend on the twins’ anatomy and health:
- Surgical Separation: Complex procedure requiring a multidisciplinary team.
- Long-Term Care: Post-surgery management and follow-up.
When to seek medical attention ?
Parents should seek medical advice if conjoined twins are suspected during pregnancy. Early evaluation is crucial.
