Corns and calluses

Overview

Corns and calluses are thickened areas of skin that develop due to repeated friction or pressure. They often occur on the feet, toes, or hands. While generally harmless, they can cause discomfort and affect appearance.

Types of Corns and calluses

1. Hard Corns:
   • Small, dense areas of skin, usually within a larger thickened area.
   • Commonly form on the top of toes due to bone pressure.
2. Soft Corns:
   • Whitish/gray with a softer, rubbery texture.
   • Typically appear between toes.
3. Seed Corns:
   • Small corns found on the bottom of the feet.

Causes of Corns and calluses

• Friction and Pressure:
  • Ill-fitting shoes, tight footwear, or high heels.
  • Skipping socks or wearing sandals without socks.
  • Playing instruments or using hand tools.
• Inherited Tendency:
  • Genetics play a role, especially for non-weight-bearing areas (soles and palms).

Risk Factors of Corns and calluses

• Wearing Shoes:
  • Shoes that increase pressure or friction.
  • Conditions like hammertoe or hallux valgus.
• Other Factors:
  • Dry or thickened skin.
  • Being overweight or obese.
  • Flat feet or high arches.
  • Excessive sweating.
  • Poor circulation or nerve damage in the feet.

Symptoms of Corns and calluses

Preventions of Corns and calluses

• Choose Proper Footwear:
  • Shoes with enough room for toes.
  • Wear socks that fit well.
• Protective Measures:
  • Use padded gloves when handling tools.
  • Apply felt pads or bandages to pressure spots.

Diagnosis of Corns and calluses

Diagnosis:

• • Visual examination by a dermatologist.

Treatment for Corns and calluses

• Reduce pressure and friction.
• Salicylic acid patches.
• Callus removal (pumice stone, shaver, or doctor’s trimming).

When to seek medical attention ?

1. Persistent Pain or Discomfort:
   • If your corns or calluses cause ongoing pain, discomfort, or interfere with daily activities.
2. Bleeding or Open Sores:
   • If your corns or calluses develop open sores or start bleeding.
3. Diabetes or Poor Circulation:
   • If you have diabetes or poor blood circulation, seek medical advice promptly.
4. Suspected Infection:
   • If you notice signs of infection (redness, warmth, swelling, or pus) around the corns or calluses.
5. Changes in Appearance:
   • If the corns or calluses change in color, size, or shape unexpectedly.