Diverticulitis

Overview

Diverticulitis refers to the inflammation of irregular bulging pouches (diverticula) in the wall of the large intestine (colon). These pouches can become inflamed or infected, leading to various symptoms and potential complications.

Types of Diverticulitis

1. Uncomplicated Diverticulitis:
   • Mild cases with localized inflammation and minimal complications.
2. Complicated Diverticulitis:
   • Severe cases with complications such as abscesses, bleeding, fistulas, or bowel obstruction.

Causes of Diverticulitis

• Diverticula Formation:
  • Gradual development of diverticula in the colon wall due to pressure, possibly from spasms or straining.
• Inflammation:
  • Bacterial infection or damage to diverticula tissues triggers inflammation.

Risk Factors of Diverticulitis

• Advanced age
• Obesity
• Smoking
• Low-fiber diet
• High red meat consumption
• Heavy alcohol use
• Lack of exercise
• Low vitamin D levels
• Certain medications (steroids, opioids, NSAIDs).

Symptoms of Diverticulitis

Preventions of Diverticulitis

• High-Fiber Diet:
  • Promotes regular bowel movements and prevents diverticula formation.
• Hydration:
  • Drinking plenty of water.
• Regular Exercise.

Diagnosis of Diverticulitis

Diagnosis during Acute Attacks:

• • Physical examination, blood tests, urine tests, and imaging (CT scan).

Treatment for Diverticulitis

Treatment:

• • Antibiotics and painkillers for mild cases.
  • Surgery for severe or frequent diverticulitis.

When to seek medical attention ?

Certainly! Knowing when to seek medical attention for diverticulitis is crucial. Here are the key points:

1. Acute Symptoms:

   • If you experience sudden, intense pain in the lower left abdomen, nausea, fever, or abdominal tenderness, seek medical help promptly.
   • Any changes in stool patterns (such as persistent diarrhea or constipation) should also prompt a visit to the doctor.

2. Persistent or Worsening Symptoms:

   • If your symptoms persist or worsen despite home care (such as rest, hydration, and pain management), consult a healthcare professional.

3. Severe Complications:

   • If you develop complications like abscesses, rectal bleeding, bowel obstruction, or peritonitis, seek urgent medical attention.

4. Frequent Recurrences:

   • If you experience recurrent episodes of diverticulitis, consult a gastroenterologist for evaluation and long-term management.