Overview
Encopresis involves the repeated involuntary soiling of underwear beyond the expected age for toilet training. The primary cause is chronic constipation, leading to impacted stool in the colon and rectum.Encopresis, also known as fecal incontinence or soiling, occurs when an individual involuntarily passes stool (usually liquid) into their clothing. It is most commonly observed in children aged four years or older who have already been toilet trained. Let’s explore this condition in depth:
Types of Encopresis
There are two main types of encopresis:
a. Retentive Encopresis
- Description: In this type, children withhold stool due to fear or pain associated with bowel movements.
- Cause: Chronic constipation leads to hard, dry stool accumulation.
- Symptoms: Leakage of liquid stool, constipation, and avoidance of bowel movements.
b. Non-Retentive Encopresis
- Description: Non-retentive encopresis occurs without constipation.
- Cause: Emotional stressors or other factors.
- Symptoms: Similar to retentive encopresis.
Causes of Encopresis
- Chronic Constipation: The primary cause, resulting in stool retention.
- Emotional Stress: Stressful life events or emotional issues can trigger encopresis.
Risk Factors of Encopresis
- Withholding Behavior: Fear or pain associated with bowel movements.
- Dietary Factors: Insufficient fiber intake or dehydration.
- Emotional Stressors: Changes in family dynamics, school, or other stressors.
Symptoms of Encopresis
1. Leakage of stool or liquid stool in underwear.
2. Constipation with dry, hard stool.
3. Constipation with dry, hard stool.
4. Passage of large stool that may clog the toilet.
5. Avoidance of bowel movements.
6. Long intervals between bowel movements.
7. Lack of appetite.
8. Pulsating feeling near the navel
9. Abdominal Pain.
10. Problems with daytime wetting or bedwetting (enuresis).
11. Repeated bladder infections (more common in girls).
Preventions of Encopresis
- Encourage regular toilet habits.
- Address emotional stressors.
- Maintain a balanced diet with adequate fiber and fluids.
Diagnosis of Encopresis
- Based on symptoms and medical history.
- Physical examination, X-rays, or other tests may be necessary.
Treatment for Encopresis
- Laxatives or Stool Softeners: To relieve constipation.
- Behavioral Strategies: Encourage regular toilet use and address emotional factors.
- Dietary Changes: Increase fiber intake.
- Positive Reinforcement: Encourage progress.
- Medical Follow-up: Monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed.
When to seek medical attention ?
If your child experiences any of the symptoms mentioned above, especially if they are already toilet trained.
