Overview
Ependymoma is a type of tumor that originates from ependymal cells lining the ventricles of the brain or the central canal of the spinal cord. These tumors can vary in aggressiveness and location, impacting treatment outcomes significantly.
Types of Ependymoma
- Intracranial Ependymoma
- Originates within the brain's ventricular system.
- Spinal Ependymoma
- Develops along the spinal cord, often in the central canal.
Causes of Ependymoma
- Genetic Mutations: Alterations in certain genes (e.g., NF2) may predispose individuals to ependymoma.
- Exposure to Radiation: Previous radiation therapy to the brain or spine can increase the risk.
- Unknown Factors: In many cases, the exact cause remains unclear.
Risk Factors of Ependymoma
- Age: Most commonly diagnosed in children and young adults.
- Previous Radiation Therapy: Especially relevant for individuals treated for other cancers in the past.
- Genetic Conditions: Certain inherited disorders may increase susceptibility.
Symptoms of Ependymoma
1. Headaches: Often worse in the morning or with changes in position.
2. Nausea and vomiting: Especially in the morning.
3. Seizures or coma in severe cases: Can occur if the tumor affects brain function.
4. Balance Issues: Difficulty walking or frequent falls.
5. Vision Changes: Blurred vision or double vision.
Preventions of Ependymoma
Currently, there are no known ways to prevent ependymoma. Early detection and prompt treatment can improve outcomes and reduce complications.
Diagnosis of Ependymoma
- Imaging Tests: MRI or CT scans to locate and assess the tumor.
- Biopsy: Sample of tumor tissue for definitive diagnosis.
- Genetic Testing: To identify specific mutations that may influence treatment decisions.
Treatment for Ependymoma
1.Surgery: Aimed at removing as much of the tumor as possible.
2.Radiation Therapy: Used post-surgery to kill remaining cancer cells.
3.Chemotherapy: Sometimes used in addition to surgery and radiation, especially for aggressive tumors.
When to seek medical attention ?
- Persistent Symptoms: Such as headaches, nausea, or changes in vision.
- New or Worsening Symptoms: Especially if they interfere with daily activities.
