Overview
Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a vascular condition characterized by abnormal cell growth in medium-sized arteries, leading to areas of narrowing and sometimes enlargement. These changes can disrupt blood flow, impacting various organs and tissues in the body.
Types of Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
- Medial Fibroplasia: The most common type, affecting the middle layer of arterial walls.
- Intimal Fibroplasia: Involves abnormal growth in the inner layer of arteries.
- Adventitial Fibroplasia: Occurs in the outer layer of arteries, though less frequently observed.
Causes of Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
- Genetic Predisposition: Susceptibility may be influenced by genetic factors.
- Hormonal Influence: Estrogen has been linked to a higher prevalence in women.
- Mechanical Stress: Arterial trauma or repetitive injury can contribute.
Risk Factors of Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
- Gender: More common in women.
- Age: Typically diagnosed in middle-aged individuals.
- Family History: Genetic predisposition increases risk.
Symptoms of Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
1. Hypertension: High blood pressure due to narrowed arteries.
2. Headaches: Often severe, due to impaired blood flow to the brain.
3. Tinnitus: Ringing or whooshing sounds in the ears.
4. Dizziness or Vertigo: Resulting from compromised blood flow to the brain.
5. Muscle Pain: Especially in areas with reduced blood supply.
Preventions of Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
Preventive measures focus on managing risk factors:
- Regular Blood Pressure Monitoring
- Healthy Lifestyle Choices
- Early Detection and Treatment of Hypertension
Diagnosis of Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
- Imaging Studies: Angiography, CT angiography, or MRI to visualize arterial abnormalities.
- Blood Tests: Rule out other conditions causing similar symptoms.
- Genetic Testing: Identifies potential underlying genetic factors.
Treatment for Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
1.Medication: Control blood pressure and prevent complications.
2.Angioplasty: Minimally invasive procedure to widen narrowed arteries.
3.Surgery: In severe cases or when other treatments are ineffective.
When to seek medical attention ?
Consult a healthcare professional if you experience:
- Persistent headaches
- Sudden onset of high blood pressure
- Unexplained tinnitus or dizziness.
