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Gender dysphoria

Diseases and Conditions Gender dysphoria
Overview Types Causes & Risk Factors Symptoms Preventions Treatment
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Overview

Gender dysphoria refers to the distress or discomfort that individuals may experience when their gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. This condition is prevalent among transgender and gender-diverse people, although not all individuals within these groups experience it.

 

Types of Gender dysphoria

  1. Early-Onset Gender Dysphoria: Identified in childhood, where the individual consistently insists they are of a different gender than assigned at birth.

  2. Late-Onset Gender Dysphoria: Manifests later in adolescence or adulthood, often after a period of comfortable identification with the assigned gender.

Causes of Gender dysphoria

 

  • Biological Factors: Possible influence of prenatal hormone exposure affecting brain development.
  • Genetic Factors: Family and twin studies suggest a genetic component.
  • Psychological Factors: Individual experiences and interactions with gender identity from a young age.

 

Risk Factors of Gender dysphoria

 

  • Early Childhood Indicators: Expressing a strong desire to be of another gender in early childhood.
  • Social and Environmental Factors: Discrimination, lack of support, or negative reactions from family, peers, or community.

 

Symptoms of Gender dysphoria

1. Persistent Discomfort: Continual distress about one's assigned gender.
2. Depression and Anxiety: Common co-occurring mental health issues.
3. Social Withdrawal and Reduced Activities: Avoiding social situations due to discomfort.
4. Body Dysphoria: Feeling distress about one's physical characteristics.

Preventions of Gender dysphoria

Prevention strategies primarily focus on creating supportive environments and fostering acceptance and understanding of diverse gender identities from an early age.

 

Diagnosis of Gender dysphoria

  1. Clinical Evaluation: Involves interviews and assessments by mental health professionals.

  2. Diagnostic Criteria (DSM-5): Criteria include persistent discomfort with assigned gender, desire to be of another gender, and distress impairing daily functioning.

Treatment for Gender dysphoria

  1. Psychotherapy: Cognitive-behavioral therapy and family therapy to explore and affirm gender identity.

  2. Hormone Therapy: Gender-affirming hormones to align physical characteristics with gender identity.

  3. Surgical Interventions: Gender-affirming surgeries for individuals who desire them and meet specific criteria.

When to seek medical attention ?

It is advisable to seek medical advice if persistent feelings of discomfort or distress related to gender identity significantly impact daily life, mental health, or well-being.