Overview
Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It spreads through skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. While some individuals may not experience symptoms or have very mild ones, they can still transmit the virus to others.
Types of Genital herpes
- HSV-1: Typically causes oral herpes (cold sores), but can also lead to genital herpes through oral-genital contact.
- HSV-2: Mainly responsible for genital herpes, transmitted through sexual contact.
Causes of Genital herpes
- HSV-1 Transmission: Oral-genital contact, leading to genital herpes.
- HSV-2 Transmission: Sexual contact with an infected person, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
Risk Factors of Genital herpes
- Sexual Activity: Unprotected sex increases risk.
- Multiple Partners: Higher number of sexual partners.
- Immunocompromised State: Weakened immune system increases susceptibility.
Symptoms of Genital herpes
1. Painful Sores: Small, red bumps or blisters on genitals, anus, or mouth.
2. Itching: Irritation and itching in affected areas.
3. ulcers: Open sores that may ooze or crust over.
4. Painful Urination: Discomfort or burning sensation when urinating.
5. Flu-like Symptoms: Fever, headache, and swollen lymph nodes.
Preventions of Genital herpes
- Safe Sex Practices: Use condoms consistently and correctly.
- Limiting Sexual Partners: Reduce exposure to infected individuals.
- HSV Testing: Knowing your status can help prevent transmission.
Diagnosis of Genital herpes
- Physical Examination: Visual inspection of sores.
- Laboratory Tests: Viral culture or PCR testing of lesion samples.
- Blood Tests: Serologic tests to detect HSV antibodies.
Treatment for Genital herpes
- Antiviral Medications: Acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir to reduce symptoms and outbreaks.
- Pain Relief: Analgesics and topical treatments to alleviate discomfort.
- Education and Counseling: Informing patients about transmission and prevention strategies.
When to seek medical attention ?
- First Outbreak: Seek medical attention for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
- Recurrent Symptoms: Managing recurrent outbreaks effectively.
- Pregnancy Concerns: Especially important for pregnant women to prevent neonatal herpes.
