Overview
A kidney infection is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that occurs when bacteria enter the kidneys and cause an infection. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located in the lower back on either side of the spine. They play a crucial role in filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood and removing them from the body through urine.
Types of Kidney Infection
There are several types of kidney infections, including:
1.Acute pyelonephritis: This is the most common type of kidney infection, characterized by sudden onset of symptoms such as fever, chills, and flank pain.
2.Chronic pyelonephritis: This is a more severe type of kidney infection that can lead to permanent damage to the kidneys.
3.Recurrent pyelonephritis: This is a type of kidney infection that occurs repeatedly over time.
Causes of Kidney Infection
Kidney infections are typically caused by bacteria that enter the urinary tract through the urethra. The most common bacteria responsible for kidney infections are Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis.
Risk Factors of Kidney Infection
Certain individuals may be at higher risk of developing kidney infections due to various factors. These include:
- Age: The risk of developing kidney infections increases with age.
- Sex: Women are more likely to develop kidney infections than men.
- Pregnancy: Pregnant women are more likely to develop kidney infections due to changes in the urinary tract.
- Weakened immune system: Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with diabetes or HIV/AIDS, are more susceptible to kidney infections.
- History of UTIs: Individuals with a history of UTIs are more likely to develop kidney infections.
Symptoms of Kidney Infection
The symptoms of kidney infections may vary depending on the severity and location of the infection. Common symptoms include:Preventions of Kidney Infection
Preventing kidney infections involves practicing good hygiene and taking steps to prevent UTIs. These include:
- Urinating regularly.
- Wiping properly after urination.
- Avoiding sexual intercourse if you have symptoms of a UTI.
- Avoiding sharing bathwater or using shared towels.
- Practicing good hygiene during menstruation.
Diagnosis of Kidney Infection
Diagnosis and evaluation of kidney infections typically involve a combination of physical examination and medical imaging tests. The following tests may be used to diagnose and evaluate kidney infections:
- Physical examination.
- Urine tests.
- Blood tests.
- Imaging tests such as CT scans or MRI scans.
Treatment for Kidney Infection
Treatment for kidney infections typically involves antibiotics and supportive care. The following treatments may be used to manage kidney infections:
- Antibiotics to kill the bacteria causing the infection.
- Pain relief medication.
- Fluid replacement therapy.
- Bed rest.
When to seek medical attention ?
If you are experiencing symptoms of a kidney infection, it is essential to see a doctor promptly. Delaying treatment can lead to complications such as permanent damage to the kidneys or septicemia.
