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Kleptomania

Diseases and Conditions Kleptomania
Overview Types Causes & Risk Factors Symptoms Preventions Treatment
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Overview

Kleptomania is a mental health disorder that involves repeatedly being unable to resist urges to steal items that you generally don't really need. Often the items stolen have little value and you could afford to buy them. Kleptomania is a type of impulse control disorder, which involves problems with emotional or behavioral self-control.

Types of Kleptomania

There are two types of kleptomania: primary and secondary. Primary kleptomania is characterized by an overwhelming urge to steal items that has no apparent reason or purpose. Secondary kleptomania is caused by another underlying condition, such as depression or anxiety.

Causes of Kleptomania

The exact cause of kleptomania is unknown, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some possible causes of kleptomania include:

  • Brain chemistry: Imbalances in brain chemicals such as dopamine and serotonin may contribute to the development of kleptomania.
  • Genetics: Research suggests that there may be a genetic component to the development of kleptomania.
  • Environmental factors: Trauma, stress, and other environmental factors may contribute to the development of kleptomania.
  • Sociocultural factors: Societal pressure and cultural norms may also play a role in the development of kleptomania.

Risk Factors of Kleptomania

Certain individuals may be at higher risk of developing kleptomania due to various factors. These include:

  • Age: The risk of developing kleptomania increases with age.
  • Sex: Women are more likely to develop kleptomania than men.
  • Family history: Having a family history of impulse control disorders may increase the risk of developing kleptomania.
  • Trauma: Individuals who have experienced trauma or stress may be more likely to develop kleptomania.

Symptoms of Kleptomania

The symptoms of kleptomania can vary depending on the individual and the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:
1. Irresistible Urges to Steal: Nature: A recurrent, powerful urge to steal items that are not needed for personal use or their monetary value. Frequency: These urges occur repeatedly and are difficult to control.
2. Tension and Anxiety: Before Theft: An increasing sense of tension, anxiety, or arousal leading up to the act of stealing. Emotional Build-Up: This tension builds up until the theft is committed.
3. Pleasure and Relief: During Theft: Feeling pleasure, gratification, or relief while committing the theft. Temporary Satisfaction: The act of stealing temporarily alleviates the tension and anxiety.
4. Guilt and Remorse: After Theft: Experiencing feelings of guilt, remorse, self-loathing, shame, or fear of arrest after the theft. Emotional Distress: These negative emotions can be intense and distressing.
5. Lack of Need for Stolen Items: Value: The stolen items often have little to no value and are not needed for personal use. Affordability: The individual can usually afford to buy the items they steal.
6. Compulsive Behavior: Impulse Control: Difficulty resisting the temptation or powerful urge to steal, despite knowing it is wrong and harmful. Recurrent Episodes: The behavior is repetitive and compulsive.
7. Emotional Pain: Impact on Self and Others: The disorder can cause significant emotional pain to the individual and their loved ones. Legal Problems: If untreated, kleptomania can lead to legal issues and complications.

Preventions of Kleptomania

Preventing kleptomania involves addressing the underlying causes of the condition and learning coping strategies to manage urges and behaviors. Some strategies for preventing kleptomania include:

  • Seeking professional help from a therapist or counselor.
  • Practicing relaxation techniques such as deep breathing and meditation.
  • Engaging in healthy coping mechanisms such as exercise or creative activities.
  • Building strong relationships with loved ones and seeking support from them.

Diagnosis of Kleptomania

Diagnosis and evaluation of kleptomania typically involve a combination of physical examination and psychological testing. The following tests may be used to diagnose and evaluate kleptomania:

  • Physical examination.
  • Psychological testing.
  • Questionnaires and rating scales.
  • Interviews with family members and friends.

Treatment for Kleptomania

Treatment for kleptomania typically involves a combination of medications and therapy. Some common treatments for kleptomania include:

  • Medications such as antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications.
  • Therapy such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic therapy.
  • Support groups such as 12-step programs.
  • Lifestyle changes such as improving sleep habits and engaging in regular exercise.

When to seek medical attention ?

If you are experiencing symptoms of kleptomania, it is essential to seek medical attention promptly. Delaying treatment can lead to complications such as legal problems and emotional pain.