Molluscum contagiosum

Overview

Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection that causes the formation of small, painless bumps on the skin. These bumps, also known as mollusca, are typically firm and round in shape, ranging in size from a pinhead to a pencil eraser. The infection is highly contagious and can spread through person-to-person contact, contact with infected objects, and even through sexual activity. While most common in children, molluscum contagiosum can affect adults as well, particularly those with weakened immune systems.

Types of Molluscum contagiosum

There are several types of molluscum contagiosum, including:

1. Typical molluscum contagiosum: This is the most common form of the infection, characterized by the appearance of small, firm bumps on the skin.
2. Atypical molluscum contagiosum: This type of infection can cause more severe symptoms, including larger bumps and a higher risk of complications.
3. Genital molluscum contagiosum: This type of infection occurs in the genital area and can be transmitted through sexual contact.

Causes of Molluscum contagiosum

Molluscum contagiosum is caused by the molluscipoxvirus, a type of virus that affects the skin. The virus is highly contagious and can spread through:

1. Direct contact: Touching or scratching an infected area can spread the virus to other parts of the body.
2. Indirect contact: Touching an infected object or surface can also spread the virus.
3. Sexual contact: Genital molluscum contagiosum can be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected partner.

Risk Factors of Molluscum contagiosum

Certain individuals may be more susceptible to developing molluscum contagiosum due to various risk factors, including:

1. Weakened immune system: Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or taking immunosuppressive medications, are more likely to develop molluscum contagiosum.
2. Age: Children and young adults are more likely to develop molluscum contagiosum due to their developing immune systems.
3. Poor hygiene: Failing to practice good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly, can increase the risk of developing molluscum contagiosum.

Symptoms of Molluscum contagiosum

Preventions of Molluscum contagiosum

While there is no guaranteed way to prevent molluscum contagiosum, there are several measures you can take to reduce your risk of developing the infection:

1. Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands regularly and avoid touching your face or other areas of your body.
2. Avoid sharing personal items: Refrain from sharing personal items, such as towels or clothing, to prevent the spread of the virus.
3. Avoid close contact with infected individuals: Avoid close contact with individuals who have been diagnosed with molluscum contagiosum.

Diagnosis of Molluscum contagiosum

Diagnosing molluscum contagiosum typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare provider:

1. Visual examination: The healthcare provider will examine the affected area to identify the characteristic bumps.
2. Skin scraping: A sample of the skin may be taken for further examination under a microscope.
3. Biopsy: A sample of the affected skin may be removed for further examination under a microscope.

Treatment for Molluscum contagiosum

The treatment approach for molluscum contagiosum typically involves:

1. Topical creams: Over-the-counter creams or prescription creams may be applied directly to the affected area to help remove the virus.
2. Cryotherapy: Freezing the affected area with liquid nitrogen can help remove the virus.
3. Excision: Surgical removal of the affected area may be necessary in severe cases.

When to seek medical attention ?

You should seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of molluscum contagiosum or if you have been exposed to an infected individual.