Nearsightedness

Overview

Nearsightedness is a common vision condition in which close objects appear clear but far objects are blurry. The medical term for nearsightedness is myopia. Myopia occurs when the shape of the eye or the shape of certain parts of the eye causes light rays to bend or refract. This can cause light rays that should be focused on the nerve tissues at the back of the eye, called the retina, to be focused in front of the retina instead.

Types of Nearsightedness

There are several types of nearsightedness, including:

1. Simple myopia: This is the most common type of nearsightedness and occurs when the shape of the eye is too curved.
2. Compound myopia: This type of nearsightedness occurs when the shape of the eye is too long.
3. Mixed myopia: This type of nearsightedness occurs when both the shape of the eye and the shape of certain parts of the eye are affected.

Causes of Nearsightedness

The causes of nearsightedness are not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Risk Factors of Nearsightedness

The risk factors for developing nearsightedness include:

1. Family history: Nearsightedness tends to run in families.
2. Age: Nearsightedness typically develops during childhood and adolescence.
3. Eye shape: The shape of the eye can contribute to the development of nearsightedness.
4. Environmental factors: Environmental factors such as prolonged use of electronic devices and lack of outdoor activities may also contribute to the development of nearsightedness.

Symptoms of Nearsightedness

Preventions of Nearsightedness

Preventing nearsightedness is not possible, but taking steps to reduce the risk of developing this condition can be beneficial. These steps include:

1. Reducing screen time: Reducing screen time and engaging in outdoor activities can help reduce the risk of developing nearsightedness.
2. Wearing corrective lenses: Wearing corrective lenses can help reduce the risk of developing nearsightedness.

Diagnosis of Nearsightedness

Diagnosing nearsightedness typically involves a comprehensive eye exam that includes a visual acuity test, a refraction test, and a tonometry test.

Treatment for Nearsightedness

Treating nearsightedness typically involves corrective lenses such as glasses or contact lenses, refractive surgery, or orthokeratology.

When to seek medical attention ?

If you are experiencing symptoms of nearsightedness, it is essential to see a doctor or eye care specialist for evaluation and treatment.