Overview
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common infection that affects the female reproductive organs. It is often caused by sexually transmitted bacteria that spread from the vagina to the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries. PID can lead to serious complications, including infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy.
Types of Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Acute PID: This is the most common type of PID, characterized by symptoms that develop rapidly and may be severe.
- Chronic PID: This type of PID is characterized by symptoms that develop slowly and may be mild.
- Recurrent PID: This is when a person experiences multiple episodes of PID.
Causes of Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Bacteria such as Chlamydia and gonorrhea can spread from the vagina to the reproductive organs.
- Other bacteria: Other types of bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), can cause PID.
- Hormonal changes: Hormonal changes during menstruation or pregnancy can increase the risk of developing PID.
Risk Factors of Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Sexually active women: Women who are sexually active are at higher risk of developing PID.
- Multiple sexual partners: Having multiple sexual partners increases the risk of developing PID.
- Age: Women under the age of 25 are at higher risk of developing PID.
- Hormonal birth control: Using hormonal birth control methods can increase the risk of developing PID.
- Previous history of STIs: Women who have had previous STIs are at higher risk of developing PID.
Symptoms of Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
1. Abdominal Pain: Mild to severe pain in the lower abdomen.
2. Fever: A fever above 100.4°F (38°C).
3. Chills: Feeling cold or shivering.
4. Nausea and vomiting: Feeling sick or throwing up.
5. Abnormal Bleeding: Bleeding or spotting between periods or after sex.
Preventions of Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Using condoms: Using condoms during sex can reduce the risk of developing PID.
- Getting tested for STIs: Getting tested for STIs regularly can help detect and treat infections early.
- Practicing good hygiene: Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly, can help reduce the risk of developing PID.
- Avoiding douching: Avoiding douching can help reduce the risk of developing PID.
Diagnosis of Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Physical examination: A healthcare provider will perform a physical examination to assess for signs of infection.
- Medical history: A healthcare provider will take a medical history to assess for symptoms and risk factors.
- Laboratory tests: Laboratory tests may be performed to detect STIs and confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Antibiotics: Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections that cause PID.
- Pain management: Pain management techniques such as heat or cold therapy may be used to manage symptoms.
- Rest: Resting and avoiding strenuous activities may be recommended to help manage symptoms.
When to seek medical attention ?
If you experience any symptoms of PID, it is essential to seek medical attention promptly. If left untreated, PID can lead to serious complications.
