Pink eye (conjunctivitis)

Overview

Pink eye, also known as conjunctivitis, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva—the transparent membrane that lines the eyelid and covers the eyeball. It can affect one or both eyes. Here are the key points:

• Pink eye causes redness, swelling, and discomfort.
• It often results in a sticky discharge from the eyes.
• Types: Viral, bacterial, and allergic conjunctivitis.

Types of Pink eye (conjunctivitis)

1. Viral Conjunctivitis:

   • Most common type.
   • Highly contagious.
   • Spreads easily in schools and crowded places.
   • Symptoms: Burning, red eyes with watery discharge.
   • Caused by the same virus as the common cold.

2. Bacterial Conjunctivitis:

   • Also contagious.
   • Bacterial infection leads to pink eye.
   • Symptoms: Sore, red eyes with sticky pus.
   • Some cases may have minimal discharge.
   • Similar bacteria as strep throat.

3. Allergic Conjunctivitis:

   • Non-contagious.
   • Allergic reaction to pollen, smoke, or other environmental factors.
   • Symptoms: Itchy, red, watery eyes; puffy eyelids.

Causes of Pink eye (conjunctivitis)

• Viral: Common cold virus.
• Bacterial: Bacterial infection.
• Allergic: Allergens like pollen or smoke.

Risk Factors of Pink eye (conjunctivitis)

• Children: Close contact in schools and day care centers.
• Poor Hygiene: Not washing hands properly.
• Contact Lenses: Improper cleaning or ill-fitting lenses.

Symptoms of Pink eye (conjunctivitis)

Preventions of Pink eye (conjunctivitis)

• Good Hygiene: Frequent handwashing.
• Avoid Touching Eyes: Especially if exposed to infected individuals.
• Proper Contact Lens Care.

Diagnosis of Pink eye (conjunctivitis)

• Based on symptoms and clinical examination.
• No specific lab tests for routine cases.

Treatment for Pink eye (conjunctivitis)

1. Viral Conjunctivitis:

   • Self-limiting; supportive care.
   • Warm compresses.
   • Artificial tears.
   • Avoid touching eyes.

2. Bacterial Conjunctivitis:

   • Antibiotic eye drops or ointment.
   • Follow doctor’s instructions.

3. Allergic Conjunctivitis:

   • Antihistamine eye drops.
   • Avoid allergens.

When to seek medical attention ?

• Persistent symptoms.
• Severe pain or vision changes.
• Compromised immune system.