Overview
Recurrent breast cancer is a type of breast cancer that returns after initial treatment. Although the initial treatment is aimed at eliminating all cancer cells, a few may have evaded treatment and survived. These undetected cancer cells multiply, becoming recurrent breast cancer.
Recurrent breast cancer can occur months or years after initial treatment, and it may come back in the same place as the original cancer (local recurrence) or spread to other areas of the body (distant recurrence).
Types of Recurrent breast cancer
There are two main types of recurrent breast cancer:
- Local recurrence: This occurs when the cancer returns in the same area where the original tumor was located.
- Distant recurrence: This occurs when the cancer spreads to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, bones, or liver.
Causes of Recurrent breast cancer
The exact cause of recurrent breast cancer is not always known, but there are several factors that can contribute to its development:
- Undetected cancer cells: Some cancer cells may not be removed during initial surgery or radiation therapy.
- Genetic mutations: Genetic mutations can increase the risk of developing recurrent breast cancer.
- Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy can stimulate the growth of remaining cancer cells.
Risk Factors of Recurrent breast cancer
Several factors can increase the risk of developing recurrent breast cancer:
- Age: Women over 50 are at higher risk for developing recurrent breast cancer.
- Family history: A family history of breast cancer can increase the risk of developing recurrent breast cancer.
- Genetic mutations: Women with genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2, are at higher risk for developing recurrent breast cancer.
- Previous treatment: Women who have received previous treatment for breast cancer, such as radiation therapy, are at higher risk for developing recurrent breast cancer.
Symptoms of Recurrent breast cancer
The symptoms of recurrent breast cancer may be similar to those of primary breast cancer:Preventions of Recurrent breast cancer
While it is not possible to completely prevent recurrent breast cancer, there are several steps that can be taken to reduce the risk:
- Regular follow-up care: Regular follow-up care with a healthcare provider can help detect recurrent breast cancer early.
- Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy can help reduce the risk of developing recurrent breast cancer.
- Genetic counseling: Genetic counseling can help women understand their risk for developing recurrent breast cancer.
Diagnosis of Recurrent breast cancer
Diagnosing recurrent breast cancer typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging tests, and biopsy:
- Physical examination: A physical examination is performed to assess for any changes in the breasts or lymph nodes.
- Imaging tests: Imaging tests, such as mammography, ultrasound, or MRI, are used to detect any abnormalities in the breasts or lymph nodes.
- Biopsy: A biopsy is performed to confirm the presence of recurrent breast cancer.
Treatment for Recurrent breast cancer
Treatment for recurrent breast cancer depends on several factors, including the stage and location of the disease:
- Surgery: Surgery may be necessary to remove any tumors or affected tissue.
- Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy may be used to kill any remaining cancer cells.
- Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy may be used to slow down the growth of any remaining tumor cells.
- Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be used to shrink any tumors or slow down their growth.
When to seek medical attention ?
If you are experiencing any symptoms of recurrent breast cancer, it is essential to see a doctor promptly. Delaying treatment can lead to further complications and affect your quality of life.