Selective IgA Deficiency

Overview

Selective IgA deficiency is a rare immune system disorder that affects the production of immunoglobulin A (IgA), a type of antibody that plays a crucial role in fighting infections and diseases. In individuals with selective IgA deficiency, the immune system produces typical levels of other immunoglobulins, but fails to produce IgA.

Types of Selective IgA Deficiency

There are two types of selective IgA deficiency:

• Primary selective IgA deficiency: This is the most common type, where the immune system fails to produce IgA due to genetic mutations.
• Secondary selective IgA deficiency: This type is caused by underlying conditions, such as autoimmune disorders or infections.

Causes of Selective IgA Deficiency

The exact cause of selective IgA deficiency is unknown, but it is believed to be related to genetic mutations and environmental factors. Genetic defects can affect the production of IgA, leading to the deficiency.

Risk Factors of Selective IgA Deficiency

Certain individuals may be at higher risk of developing selective IgA deficiency, including:

• Family history: Individuals with a family history of selective IgA deficiency may be at higher risk.
• Genetic predisposition: Certain genetic mutations can increase the risk of developing selective IgA deficiency.
• Environmental factors: Exposure to certain environmental factors, such as toxins or pollutants, may increase the risk.

Symptoms of Selective IgA Deficiency

Preventions of Selective IgA Deficiency

There is no surefire way to prevent selective IgA deficiency, but certain lifestyle changes can help reduce the risk:

• Maintaining good hygiene practices.
• Avoiding exposure to toxins and pollutants.
• Getting regular exercise.
• Eating a balanced diet.

Diagnosis of Selective IgA Deficiency

Diagnosing selective IgA deficiency typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests. Laboratory tests may include:

• Blood tests to measure IgA levels.
• Skin tests to assess immune response.
• Imaging tests to rule out underlying conditions.

Treatment for Selective IgA Deficiency

Treatment for selective IgA deficiency typically involves replacing missing IgA antibodies and managing symptoms. Medications may include:

• Immunoglobulin replacement therapy
• Antibiotics for infections.

When to seek medical attention ?

If you experience symptoms of selective IgA deficiency, it's essential to seek medical attention promptly. Some signs that you should seek medical attention immediately include:

• Recurring infections.
• Frequent diarrhea or vomiting.
• Abdominal pain.