Testicular torsion

Overview

Testicular torsion is a medical emergency that occurs when the spermatic cord, which brings blood to the testicle, twists and reduces blood flow to the testicle. This can cause sudden and severe pain, swelling, and even loss of the testicle. It is essential to understand the causes, symptoms, and treatment options to prevent long-term damage and ensure prompt treatment.

Types of Testicular torsion

There are two types of testicular torsion:

1. Intra-abdominal testicular torsion: The testicle twists while it is still inside the abdomen, before it descends into the scrotum.
2. Intra-scrotal testicular torsion: The testicle twists while it is already in the scrotum.

Causes of Testicular torsion

The exact cause of testicular torsion is not fully understood, but several factors are believed to contribute to its development, including:

1. Genetic factors: Some men may be born with a higher risk of developing testicular torsion due to genetic mutations.
2. Cryptorchidism: Undescended testicles have a higher risk of developing testicular torsion.
3. Family history: A family history of testicular torsion or other types of cancer can increase the risk of developing testicular torsion.

Risk Factors of Testicular torsion

Certain risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing testicular torsion, including:

1. Age: Testicular torsion is more common in men between the ages of 15 and 35.
2. Family history: A family history of testicular torsion or other types of cancer can increase the risk of developing testicular torsion.
3. Previous testicular surgery: Men who have had previous surgery on their testicles may be at higher risk of developing testicular torsion.

Symptoms of Testicular torsion

Preventions of Testicular torsion

Preventing testicular torsion is not possible, but early detection and treatment can improve outcomes. Some strategies for reducing the risk of developing testicular torsion include:

1. Regular self-examination: Men should perform regular self-examinations to detect any changes in their testicles.
2. Annual check-ups: Men should have annual check-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor for any changes in their testicles.
3. Family planning: Men should plan for children and consider using condoms or other forms of contraception to reduce the risk of developing testicular torsion.

Diagnosis of Testicular torsion

Diagnosing testicular torsion typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI scans.

Treatment for Testicular torsion

Treatment for testicular torsion typically involves surgery to untwist the spermatic cord and restore blood flow to the affected testicle.

When to seek medical attention ?

If you experience any symptoms or concerns about your testicles, it's essential to see a doctor promptly. Delaying treatment can lead to complications such as infertility or loss of the affected testicle.