Overview
Vocal cord paralysis is a condition that affects the muscles that control the voice. It occurs when the nerve impulses to the voice box, also known as the larynx, are disrupted. This results in paralysis of the vocal cord muscles. Vocal cord paralysis can make it difficult to speak and even breathe. The vocal cords are responsible for more than just producing sound; they also protect the airway by preventing food, drink, and saliva from entering the windpipe and causing a person to choke.
Types of Vocal cord paralysis
- Unilateral vocal cord paralysis: This is the most common type of vocal cord paralysis, where one vocal cord is affected.
- Bilateral vocal cord paralysis: This is a rare type of vocal cord paralysis, where both vocal cords are affected.
Causes of Vocal cord paralysis
- Nerve damage during surgery: Damage to the nerves during surgery can cause vocal cord paralysis.
- Viral infections: Certain viral infections such as mononucleosis can cause vocal cord paralysis.
- Cancer: Certain types of cancer such as thyroid cancer can cause vocal cord paralysis.
- Neurological disorders: Certain neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease can cause vocal cord paralysis.
Risk Factors of Vocal cord paralysis
- Age: Older adults are more likely to develop vocal cord paralysis.
- Smoking: Smoking can increase the risk of developing vocal cord paralysis.
- Exposure to toxins: Exposure to certain toxins such as pesticides and heavy metals can increase the risk of developing vocal cord paralysis.
Symptoms of Vocal cord paralysis
1. Voice loss: The most common symptom of vocal cord paralysis is a loss of voice or a change in voice quality.
2. Breathing Difficulties: Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath can be a symptom of vocal cord paralysis.
3. Hoarseness: Hoarseness or a raspy voice can be a symptom of vocal cord paralysis.
4. Coughing: Coughing or feeling like there is something stuck in the throat can be a symptom of vocal cord paralysis.
Preventions of Vocal cord paralysis
- Avoiding smoking: Quitting smoking can help reduce the risk of developing vocal cord paralysis.
- Protecting your voice: Protecting your voice by avoiding excessive screaming or shouting can help reduce the risk of developing vocal cord paralysis.
- Getting regular check-ups: Getting regular check-ups with your healthcare provider can help detect any potential issues early on.
Complications:
- Chronic coughing: Chronic coughing can be a complication of vocal cord paralysis.
- Breathing difficulties: Breathing difficulties can be a complication of vocal cord paralysis.
- Respiratory infections: Respiratory infections such as pneumonia can be a complication of vocal cord paralysis.
Diagnosis of Vocal cord paralysis
- Physical examination: A healthcare provider will perform a physical examination to assess for any signs of vocal cord paralysis.
- Laryngoscopy: A laryngoscopy may be performed to visualize the vocal cords and assess for any signs of damage.
- Imaging tests: Imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans may be performed to assess for any signs of damage or disease.
Treatment for Vocal cord paralysis
- Surgery: Surgery may be necessary to repair any damaged tissue or nerves.
- Voice therapy: Voice therapy may be necessary to help improve speech and communication skills.
- Speech therapy: Speech therapy may be necessary to help improve speech and communication skills.
When to seek medical attention ?
If you experience symptoms such as voice loss, breathing difficulties, hoarseness, or coughing, consult with a healthcare provider for evaluation.
