Overview
Genital warts are a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV). These warts appear as small bumps or growths in and around the genital and rectal areas. While there’s no cure for HPV itself, treatments can manage genital warts.
Types of Genital warts
- Common Warts (Condyloma Acuminata): These are the typical cauliflower-like growths found on the genitals.
- Flat Warts: Smaller, flatter warts that may not be as noticeable.
- Subclinical Warts: Not visible but detected through tests.
Causes of Genital warts
HPV Infection: Genital warts result from skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity.
Risk Factors of Genital warts
- Multiple sexual partners.
- Lack of condom use.
- Weak immune system.
- Smoking.
Symptoms of Genital warts
1. Small Painless Growths: Around the genital area or anus.
2. Itching and Discomfort: In the genital region.
3. Warts: If untreated, they can grow and merge, resembling cauliflower.
4. Bleeding: Especially during intercourse.
Preventions of Genital warts
- Screening for HPV: Regular check-ups.
- Safe Sex Practices:
- Use condoms.
- Limit sexual partners.
- Avoid unprotected oral sex.
Diagnosis of Genital warts
- Physical Examination: Visual inspection.
- Vinegar Test (Acetic Acid Solution): Turns warts white.
- Pap Smear: Detects cervical cell changes.
- DNA Test: Identifies HPV strains.
Treatment for Genital warts
- Topical Medications:
- Imiquimod or podofilox.
- Procedures:
- Cauterization (burning).
- Laser surgery.
- Cryosurgery (freezing).
- Electrocautery.
- Surgical excision.
When to seek medical attention ?
- Persistent Warts: Seek medical advice.
- Abnormal Bleeding or Pain: Especially during intercourse.
